Australian Government Attorneys General's Department - Crime Prevention and Community Safety

Preventing Repeat Residential Burglary:

A meta-evaluation of two Australian demonstration projects

APPENDIX 1

Summary of research study outcomes

The following tables summarise the outcomes of examples of international research on the extent of repeat victimisation and its time course. These tables provide the basis for the statistical conclusions drawn in Chapter 1

TABLE 15
Examples of international research findings on the extent of repeat victimisation other than residential burglary

Statistic	Source
40% of crimes are repeats	11 crime types across 17 industrialised countries in the International Crime Victims Survey (Farrell & Tseloni 2001)
24-38% of all crime is suffered by people experiencing five or more incidents 2% of victims of property crime experience 41% of incidents 1% of victims of personal crime experience 59% of incidents	Analysis of four British Crime Survey results (Ellingworth et al, 1995)
14% of victims accounted for 71% of incidents in 1982 21% of victims accounted for 82% of incidents in 1988 20% of victims accounted for 81% of incidents in 1992	Analysis of three British Crime Survey results (Farrell & Pease, 1993)
33% of vandalism incidents are repeats 8% of thefts from the person are repeats 32% of common assaults and 27% of wounding are repeats 10 % of robberies are repeats 19% of thefts from a vehicle, 6% of thefts of a vehicle, and 15% of attempted thefts of or from a vehicle are repeats	1999 British Crime Survey results (Home Office Toolkit Team 2001a)
Statistic	Source
the 3-4% of respondents who suffer three or more incidents account for 35-40% of all property crimes	Results from four Scottish Crime Surveys (Shaw & Pease 2000)
1/3 of victims of household property crime are repeat victims 1/4 of personal offence victims are repeat victims	Canadian crime survey (Solicitor General, Canada, 1988)
68% of violent and sexual crimes are suffered by the 6% of victims experiencing 5 or more incidents	New Zealand National Survey of Crime Victims (Ministry for Justice, New Zealand, 1996)
79% of crimes are repeats 2.5% of victims account for 30% of all incidents 5% of personal crime victims account for 62% of incidents	Home Office local crime survey of a high-crime estate in South London (Farrell, 1992 cited in Farrell, 1995)
28% of victim households accounted for 62% of calls the 3% of households making over 10 calls accounted for 23% of incidents	Domestic violence calls to Merseyside (UK) police over a 2-year period (Lloyd et al, 1994)
67% of families were repeat victims	Racial attacks reported to any agency on an East London housing estate (Sampson & Phillips, 1995)
Statistic	Source
17% of business victims experience 69% of burglaries 11% experience 76% of criminal damage incidents 17% experience 83% of fraud 1% experience 45% of armed robberies	Crime survey of small businesses in Leicester (Wood et al, 1997 cited in Pease, 1998)
40% of businesses experience a repeat burglary after the first incident, 48% of these experience another repeat	Crime survey of small business in Hartlepool (UK) (Tilley, 1993a)
63% of property crimes are suffered by the 8% of victimised manufacturing premises experiencing 10 or more incidents 59% of property crimes are suffered by the 3% of victimised retail premises experiencing 300 or more incidents	Property offences reported in the Commercial Victimisation Survey (Mirrlees-Black & Ross, 1995 cited in Pease, 1998)
28% of commercial burglaries were definite and 70% possible repeats 6% of thefts of a vehicle were definite and 49% possible repeats 10% of thefts from a vehicle were definite and 56% possible repeats	Over 14,000 crimes reported to police in Huddersfield (UK) (Anderson et al, 1995)
21% were repeat incidents 34% of repeat victims experienced more than 3 incidents	11,976 non-residential burglaries reported to police in Merseyside (UK) (Bowers, Hirschfield & Johnson, 1998)
Statistic	Source
46% of victimised industrial estates experienced a repeat burglary	Survey of North England industrial estate tenants (Johnston et al, 1994)
74% were repeat victims 26% experienced three or more incidents	Commercial and residential burglaries reported to police in Baltimore (US) (Meeks, 1995 cited in PERF, 1996)
3% of assault victims were repeats 7% of males experienced over 10 incidents	Survey of all assault victims aged 16 years and over attending at a Bristol (UK) hospital?s accident and emergency department (Shepherd, 1990)
461% were repeats crimes the 10% most victimised schools accounted for 37% of property crime	Crimes reported to police at 105 Stockholm schools (Lindstrom, 1997)
5% of addresses accounted for 49% of calls for service	323,979 calls for service to police in Minneapolis, USA (Sherman, 1989 cited in PERF, 1996)
23% of computer crime victims accounted for 42% of incidents	Survey of US businesses (Whitehead & Gray, 1998)

TABLE 16
Examples of international research findings on the time course of repeat victimisation

Statistic	Source
43% occurred within one month, 17% within one week	11,976 non-residential burglaries reported to Merseyside (UK) police (Bowers et al, 1998)
33% occurred within one month, 11% within the first week	Residential burglaries reported to Merseyside (UK) police (Johnson et al, 1997)
40% occurred within one month	Interviews with households experiencing a repeat domestic burglary reported to Huddersfield (UK) police (Anderson et al, 1995)
28% occurred in the first month	Burglaries reported to Trent police in Nottinghamshire (UK) (Ratcliffe & McCullagh, 1998)
51% occurred within one month, 25% of within one week	Burglaries and attempted burglaries reported to police in Tallahassee Florida (US) over a three-year period (Robinson, 1998)
likelihood of a repeat within one month is 12 times the expected rate, declining to twice at six months; half of all second victimisations occurring within one month occur within seven days	Burglaries reported to police in the Saskatoon (Canada) (Polvi et al, 1990, 1992)
Statistic	Source
57% of repeats occurred in under 73 days	Non-domestic burglaries reported to police in Hartlepool (UK) (Tilley, 1993a)
27% occurred within one month; 43% within two months, and 56% within three months	Crimes reported during interviews with Leicester (UK) small businesses (Taylor, 1999)
79% occurred within one month	Crimes reported to police at 33 Merseyside (UK) schools (Burquest et al 1992, cited in Lindstrom, 1997)
74% of all repeat crimes and 72% of burglaries occurred within one month	Crimes reported to police at 105 Stockholm schools (Lindstrom, 1997)
35% of victimised households report a second incident within five weeks; 45% of households experiencing a second incident report a third within five weeks of the second	Domestic violence calls to Merseyside (UK) police over a two- year period (Lloyd et al, 1994)
Subsequent victimisations were more frequent within the first week of the first attack	Racial attacks reported to any agency on an East London housing estate (Sampson & Phillips, 1995)
78% of calls were less than 20 days apart, many within one week	Calls for service to San Antonia Texas (US) police from fast food restaurants over a three-year period (Spelman, 1995)

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Preventing Repeat Residential Burglary:

A meta-evaluation of two Australian demonstration projects

APPENDIX 1

Summary of research study outcomes

TABLE 15Examples of international research findings on the extent of repeat victimisation other than residential burglary

TABLE 16Examples of international research findings on the time course of repeat victimisation

TABLE 15
Examples of international research findings on the extent of repeat victimisation other than residential burglary

TABLE 16
Examples of international research findings on the time course of repeat victimisation